Amabhodlela epulasitiki athambile acwilisa amakhulukhulu amakhemikhali emanzini okuphuza

Ucwaningo lwakamuva luye lwaphakamisa izixwayiso mayelana nemiphumela yezempilo engase ibe khona emanzini okuphuza emabhodleleni epulasitiki, futhi ososayensi bakhathazekile ngokuthi amakhemikhali angena oketshezini angase abe nemiphumela engaziwa empilweni yomuntu.Ucwaningo olusha luphenya isenzakalo samabhodlela angasetshenziswa kabusha, kwembula amakhulukhulu amakhemikhali. badedela emanzini futhi kungani ukuwadlulisela emshinini wokuwasha izitsha kungase kube umqondo omubi.
Ucwaningo olwenziwa abacwaningi baseNyuvesi yaseCopenhagen, belugxile ezinhlotsheni zamabhodlela athambile asetshenziswa kwezemidlalo.Yize lezi zivame kakhulu emhlabeni jikelele, ababhali bathi kunezikhala ezinkulu ekuqondeni kwethu ukuthi amakhemikhali akula mapulasitiki bathuthele emanzini okuphuza abawaphethe, ngakho-ke benza izivivinyo ukuze bagcwalise ezinye zezikhala.
Womabili amabhodlela esiphuzo amasha futhi asetshenziswa kakhulu agcwaliswa ngamanzi kampompi avamile futhi ayekwe ukuba ahlale amahora angu-24 ngaphambi nangemva kokudlula umjikelezo womshini wokuwasha izitsha.Besebenzisa i-mass spectrometry kanye ne-chromatography ye-liquid, ososayensi bahlaziya izinto oketshezini ngaphambi nangemuva kokugeza umshini kanye emva kokugeza okuyisihlanu ngamanzi ampompi.
“Kwakuyinto enensipho engaphezulu eyakhipha kakhulu ngemva kokuwashwa komshini,” kusho umlobi oholayo uSelina Tisler. “Amakhemikhali amaningi aphuma ebhodleleni lamanzi ngokwawo asekhona ngemva kokugeza umshini nokuwashwa okwengeziwe. Izinto ezinobuthi kakhulu esizitholile zadalwa ngemuva kokuthi ibhodlela lamanzi lifakwe emshinini wokuwasha izitsha - mhlawumbe ngenxa yokuthi ukuwashwa kwehlisa ipulasitiki, Okukhuphula ukucwiliswa.
Ososayensi bathola izinto ezihlukahlukene ezingaphezu kuka-400 emanzini ezivela ezintweni zepulasitiki, kanye nezinto ezingaphezu kuka-3,500 ezivela ensipho yomshini wokuwasha izitsha.Iningi lalezi izinto ezingaziwa abacwaningi abangakazihlonze, futhi nakulezo ezingabonakala, okungenani amaphesenti angu-70 azo. ubuthi babo akwaziwa.
“Sashaqeka ngenani elikhulu lamakhemikhali atholakala emanzini ngemva kwamahora angu-24 ebhodleleni,” kusho umlobi wocwaningo uJan H. Christensen. “Kunamakhulu ezinto emanzini - okuhlanganisa izinto ezingakaze zitholakale kupulasitiki ngaphambili, kanye nezinto ezingase zibe yingozi empilweni. Ngemva komjikelezo wokuwasha izitsha, kuba nezinkulungwane zezinto.”
Izinto ososayensi abazithola ngokuhlola zazihlanganisa ama-photoinitiators, ama-molecule aziwa ngokuba nemiphumela enobuthi ezintweni eziphilayo, okungenzeka abe ama-carcinogens kanye neziphazamisi ze-endocrine.Baphinde bathola izinto zokuthambisa zepulasitiki, ama-antioxidants kanye nama-ejenti akhulula isikhunta asetshenziswa ekwenziweni kwepulasitiki, kanye ne-diethyltoluidine (DEET), esebenza kakhulu emithi exosha omiyane.
Ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi izinto ezimbalwa kuphela ezitholiwe ezifakwe ngamabomu emabhodleleni ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza.Iningi lazo kungenzeka ukuthi lakheka ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa noma ukukhiqizwa, lapho into ethile ingase iguqulwe yaba enye, njengesithambiso sepulasitiki abasola ukuthi singase sisetshenziswe. ingaguqulelwa ku-DEET uma yehlisa isithunzi.
“Kodwa ngisho nangezinto ezaziwayo abakhiqizi abazifaka ngamabomu, kuye kwacutshungulwa ingxenye encane nje yobuthi,” kusho uTissler.” Ngakho-ke, njengomthengi, awazi ukuthi ukhona yini omunye ozoba nomthelela omubi empilweni yakho. .”
Ucwaningo lwengeza emgudwini okhulayo wocwaningo mayelana nendlela abantu abasebenzisa ngayo inani elikhulu lamakhemikhali ngokusebenzisana kwabo nemikhiqizo yepulasitiki, futhi libonisa ngokuqhubekayo izinto eziningi ezingaziwa ensimini.
“Sikhathazeke kakhulu ngezinga eliphansi lezibulala-zinambuzane emanzini okuphuza,” kusho uChristensen.” Kodwa lapho sithela amanzi esitsheni ukuze siphuze, thina ngokwethu asinqikazi ukwengeza amakhulu noma izinkulungwane zezinto emanzini. Nakuba singeke sikwazi ukusho ukuthi izinto ezisebhodleleni elingasetshenziswa kabusha zizoyithinta yini impilo yethu , kodwa ngizosebenzisa ingilazi noma ibhodlela lensimbi elingenasici esikhathini esizayo.”