Amabhodlela epulasitiki athambile acwilisa amakhulukhulu amakhemikhali emanzini okuphuza

Ucwaningo lwakamuva luye lwaphakamisa izixwayiso mayelana nemiphumela yezempilo engase ibe khona emanzini okuphuza emabhodleleni epulasitiki, futhi ososayensi bakhathazekile ngokuthi amakhemikhali angena oketshezini angaba nemiphumela engaziwa empilweni yomuntu.Ucwaningo olusha luphenya isenzakalo samabhodlela angasetshenziswa kabusha, kwembula amakhulukhulu amakhemikhali awakhulula emanzini nokuthi kungani ukuwadlulisela emshinini wokuwasha izitsha kungase kube umqondo omubi.
Ucwaningo, olwenziwa abacwaningi eNyuvesi yaseCopenhagen, lugxile ezinhlotsheni zamabhodlela okukhama athambile asetshenziswa kwezemidlalo.Nakuba lezi zivame kakhulu emhlabeni jikelele, ababhali bathi kunezikhala ezinkulu ekuqondeni kwethu ukuthi amakhemikhali akula mapulasitiki athuthela kanjani emanzini okuphuza abawaphethe, ngakho-ke benza ucwaningo ukuze bagcwalise ezinye zezikhala.
Kokubili amabhodlela esiphuzo amasha futhi asetshenziswe kakhulu agcwaliswa ngamanzi kampompi avamile futhi ashiywe ukuze ahlale amahora angu-24 ngaphambi nangemva kokuhamba emjikelezweni womshini wokuwasha izitsha.Besebenzisa i-mass spectrometry kanye ne-chromatography ye-liquid, ososayensi bahlaziya izinto oketshezini ngaphambi nangemuva kokugeza umshini nangemva kokugeza okuyisihlanu ngamanzi okupompo.
"Kwakuyinto enensipho engaphezulu eyakhipha kakhulu ngemva kokuwashwa komshini," kusho umlobi oholayo uSelina Tisler. "Iningi lamakhemikhali aphuma ebhodleleni lamanzi ngokwalo asekhona ngemva kokugeza umshini kanye nokuwashwa okwengeziwe. Izinto ezinobuthi kakhulu esizitholile zadalwa ngemva kokuba ibhodlela lamanzi lifakwe emshinini wokuwasha izitsha - mhlawumbe ngenxa yokuthi ukuwasha konakala ipulasitiki, Okwandisa ukucwiliswa."
Ososayensi bathola izinto ezihlukahlukene ezingaphezu kuka-400 emanzini ezivela ezintweni zepulasitiki, futhi izinto ezingaphezu kuka-3 500 ezivela ensipho yomshini wokuwasha izitsha.Iningi lalezi izinto ezingaziwa abacwaningi abangakazihlonze, futhi nakulezo ezingase zibonakale, okungenani amaphesenti angu-70 obuthi bazo akwaziwa.
“Sashaqeka ngenani elikhulu lamakhemikhali atholakala emanzini ngemva kwamahora angu-24 ebhodleleni,” kusho umlobi wocwaningo uJan H. Christensen. "Kunamakhulu ezinto emanzini - okuhlanganisa izinto ezingakaze zitholakale kupulasitiki ngaphambili, kanye nezinto ezingase zibe yingozi empilweni. Ngemuva komjikelezo wokuwasha izitsha, kuba nezinkulungwane zezinto."
Izinto ososayensi abazithola ngokuhlola zazihlanganisa ama-photoinitiators, ama-molecule aziwa ngokuba nemiphumela enobuthi ezintweni eziphilayo, okungenzeka abe ama-carcinogens kanye nabaphazamisi be-endocrine.Baphinde bathola izinto zokuthambisa zepulasitiki, ama-antioxidants kanye nama-ejenti okukhipha isikhunta asetshenziswa ekwenziweni kwepulasitiki, kanye ne-diethyltoluidine (DEET), esebenza kakhulu emithi exosha omiyane.
Ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi izinto ezimbalwa kuphela ezitholiwe ezifakwe ngamabomu emabhodleleni phakathi nenqubo yokukhiqiza.Iningi lazo kungenzeka ukuthi lakhiwe ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa noma ukukhiqizwa, lapho into eyodwa ingase iguqulwe ibe enye, njengesithambisi sepulasitiki abasola ukuthi sizoguqulwa sibe yi-DEET lapho sehlisa izinga.
“Kodwa ngisho nezinto ezaziwayo abakhiqizi abazifaka ngamabomu, kuye kwacutshungulwa ingxenye encane nje yobuthi.” Ngakho-ke, njengomthengi, awazi ukuthi ukhona yini omunye ozoba nethonya elibi empilweni yakho.”
Ucwaningo lwengeza emgudwini okhulayo wocwaningo mayelana nendlela abantu abasebenzisa ngayo inani elikhulu lamakhemikhali ngokusebenzisana kwabo nemikhiqizo yepulasitiki, futhi libonisa ngokuqhubekayo izinto eziningi ezingaziwa ensimini.
UChristensen wathi: “Sikhathazeke kakhulu ngezinga eliphansi lezibulala-zinambuzane emanzini okuphuza.” Kodwa lapho sithela amanzi esitsheni ukuze siphuze, thina ngokwethu asinqikazi ukwengeza amakhulu noma izinkulungwane zezinto emanzini.