Gada uketshezi olumumatha amanzi ngamabhodlela amanzi ahlakaniphile atholakala ngokuthengiswa

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Ukuphuza uketshezi kubalulekile ukuze kuvinjwe ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni futhi kuncishiswe amatshe ezinso aphindelelayo. Kube khona umkhuba eminyakeni yamuva nje wokuthuthukisa amathuluzi okuqapha uketshezi oluphuzayo usebenzisa imikhiqizo “ehlakaniphile” njengamabhodlela ahlakaniphile. Kunamabhodlela ezingane ahlakaniphile athengiswayo atholakalayo, ikakhulukazi ahloselwe abantu abadala abakhathalela impilo.Ngokolwazi lwethu, lawa mabhodlela awakaqinisekiswa ezincwadini. I-H2OPal, i-HidrateSpark Steel, i-HidrateSpark 3 ne-Thermos Smart Lid.Imicimbi yokungenisa eyikhulu ngebhodlela ngalinye yarekhodwa futhi yahlaziywa futhi yaqhathaniswa neqiniso eliyisisekelo elitholwe esikalini sokucaca okuphezulu.I-H2OPal inephutha lephesenti eliphansi kakhulu (MPE) futhi iyakwazi ukulinganisa amaphutha kuwo wonke amaphutha amaningi. Amanani e-MPE amabhodlela e-HidrateSpark athuthukiswa nakakhulu kusetshenziswa ukuhlehla komugqa njengoba abe nenani lephutha elingashintshile.I-Thermos Smart Lid yayinembe kancane, njengoba inzwa ayizange inwebe kulo lonke ibhodlela, okubangele ukuthi amarekhodi amaningi alahleke.
Ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni kuyinkinga enzima kakhulu ngoba kungaholela ezinkingeni ezimbi, okuhlanganisa ukudideka, ukuwa, ukulaliswa esibhedlela, nokufa.Ibhalansi yokuphuza i-fluid ibalulekile, ikakhulukazi kubantu abadala asebekhulile kanye nabantu abanezimo zezokwelapha ezingaphansi ezithinta ukulawulwa kwamanzi.Iziguli ezisengozini yokwakheka kwamatshe okuphindaphindiwe ziyelulekwa ukuba zidle inani elikhulu lamanzi.Ngakho-ke, ukuqapha indlela yokuphuza uketshezi olutholakala emanzini anele ukunquma ukuthi ukuphuza uketshezi okwanele kuwuketshezi oluningi. kuthathwe1,2.Kunemizamo eminingi ezincwadini zokudala imibiko yezinhlelo noma amadivaysi angasiza ukulandelela nokuphatha uketshezi olungenamanzi.Ngeshwa, iningi lalezi zifundo alizange liphumele emkhiqizweni otholakala ngokudayiswa.Amabhodlela emakethe ngokuyinhloko ahloselwe abasubathi bezokungcebeleka noma abantu abadala abaqaphela impilo abafuna ukwengeza i-hydration.Kulesi sihloko, sihlose ukunquma ukuthi iziguli ezine zocwaningo zitholakalayo yini isixazululo esitholakalayo samanzi esitholakalayo. amabhodlela amanzi okuthengisa ngokokusebenza nokusebenza.Amabhodlela yi-HidrateSpark 34, i-HidrateSpark Steel5, i-H2O Pal6 ne-Thermos Smart Lid7 njengoba kukhonjisiwe kuMfanekiso 1.Lawa mabhodlela akhethwe ngoba angelinye lamabhodlela amane kuphela athandwayo atholakalayo (1) ukuthi athengwe eCanada futhi (2) anedatha yevolumu yeselula efinyeleleka ngevolumu yeselula.
Izithombe zamabhodlela okuthengisa ahlaziywe: (a) HidrateSpark 34, (b) HidrateSpark Steel5, (c) H2OPal6, (d) Thermos Smart Lid7.Ibhokisi elinedeshi elibomvu libonisa indawo yenzwa.
Kula mabhodlela angenhla, yizinguqulo zangaphambili kuphela ze-HidrateSpark eziqinisekisiwe ocwaningweni8.Ucwaningo luthole ukuthi ibhodlela le-HidrateSpark lalinembile phakathi kuka-3% wokulinganisa inani eliphelele phakathi nenkathi yamahora angu-24 oketshezi olusetshenziswayo.I-HidrateSpark nayo iye yasetshenziswa ezifundweni zomtholampilo ukuze kuqashwe ukuthathwa kweziguli ezinebhodlela lezinso9.Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, i-HIdrateSpark iye yasetshenziswa izinzwa ezintsha ze-OP ezinye izifundo zokulandelela nokukhuthaza ukuphuza uketshezi, kodwa azikho izifundo ezithile eziye zaqinisekisa ukusebenza kwayo2,10.Pletcher et al.Izici ze-geriatric nolwazi olutholakala ku-inthanethi luqhathaniswe namabhodlela okuthengisa amaningana, kodwa awazange enze noma yikuphi ukuqinisekiswa kokunemba kwawo11.
Wonke amabhodlela amane okuthengisa ahlanganisa uhlelo lokusebenza lwamahhala lobunikazi lokubonisa nokugcina imicimbi yokungenisa edluliselwa nge-Bluetooth.I-HidrateSpark 3 ne-Thermos Smart Lid zinenzwa phakathi kwebhodlela, okungenzeka zisebenzisa inzwa ye-capacitive, kuyilapho i-HidrateSpark Steel ne-H2Opal zinenzwa phansi, zisebenzisa inzwa yendawo ebomvu iboniswa ebhokisini elibomvu le-Firedare. I-Thermos Smart Lid, inzwa ayikwazi ukufika ngaphansi kwesiqukathi.
Ibhodlela ngalinye lihlolwa ngezigaba ezimbili: (1) isigaba sokumunca esilawulwayo kanye (2) nesigaba sokuphila mahhala. Kuzo zombili izigaba, imiphumela erekhodwe ibhodlela (etholwe ohlelweni lokusebenza lweselula lomkhiqizo olusetshenziswa ku-Android 11) yaqhathaniswa neqiniso eliyisisekelo elitholwe kusetshenziswa isikali esingu-5 kg ​​(Starfrit Electronic Kitchen Scale 93756).Yonke idatha eqoqwe kusetshenziswa usayizi wamabhodlela1, yaqoqwa ngosayizi. kusukela ku-10 mL kuya ku-100 mL ka-10 mL kuya ku-100 mL kukalwa ngokungahleliwe, izilinganiso ezingu-5 ngayinye, ngenani eliphelele lezilinganiso ezingu-50 ibhodlela ngalinye. uxhumano lwe-bluetooth ebhodleleni.Phakathi nesigaba sokuphila kwamahhala, umsebenzisi uphuza amanzi ngokukhululekile ebhodleleni phakathi nosuku, futhi ukhetha ukuphuzwa okuhlukile.Lesi sigaba siphinde sihlanganise ama-sips angu-50 ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kodwa hhayi wonke ngokulandelana.Ngakho-ke, ibhodlela ngalinye linedathasethi yesamba sezilinganiso eziyi-100.
Ukuze unqume umthamo ophelele wamanzi nokuqinisekisa ukugeleza kwamanzi okufanele kwansuku zonke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba nezilinganiso ezinembile zomthamo we-volumetric usuku lonke (amahora angu-24) kunawo wonke ama-sip.Nokho, ukukhomba izinkomba zokungenelela ngokushesha, ukuphuza ngakunye kudinga ukuba nephutha eliphansi, njengoba kwenziwa ocwaningweni lukaConroy et al. 2 .Uma i-sp ingarekhodwa noma ingarekhodwanga kahle, kubalulekile ukuthi ibhodlela likwazi ukulinganisa ivolumu ekurekhodeni okulandelayo. Ngakho-ke, iphutha (ivolumu elinganisiwe - ivolumu yangempela) lilungiswa ngesandla. Ngokwesibonelo, ake sithi ophathwayo uphuze u-10 mL futhi ibhodlela libika u-0 mL, kodwa isihloko siphuze u-20 mL, ibhodlela elibikiwe libe ngu-0 mL, ibhodlela elihlanganisiwe libe ngu-0 mL. mL.
Ithebula 1 libala amamethrikhi okusebenza ahlukahlukene ebhodlela ngalinye elicabangela izigaba ezimbili (ama-sips angu-100).Iphutha lesilinganiso sephesenti (MPE) ngokuphuza ngakunye, iphutha elisho iphutha eliphelele (MAE) ngokuphuza ngakunye, kanye ne-MPE eqoqiwe ibalwa kanje:
lapho \({S}_{act}^{i}\) kanye \({S}_{est}^{i}\) kungukudla kwangempela nokulinganiselwe kwe \({i}_{th}\ ) yokuphuzela, futhi \(n\) iyinani eliphelele lama-sips.\({C}_{act}^{k}\) kanye \({C}_\okungamelanga) okokugcina kwe-k\{k} sips.I-Sip MPE ibheka iphutha lephesenti lokuphuzwa ngakunye ngakunye, kuyilapho i-Cumulative MPE ibheka iphutha lephesenti eliphelele ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.Ngokwemiphumela ekuThebula 1, i-H2OPal inenani eliphansi lamarekhodi alahlekile, i-Sip MPE ephansi kakhulu, kanye ne-MPE eqongelelekayo ephansi kakhulu.Iphutha lencazelo lingcono kunesilinganiso esiphelele sephutha uma kuqhathaniswa nephutha eliphelele (MA) isikhathi.Ngoba ifanekisa ikhono lebhodlela lokululama ezilinganisweni ezimbi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ngenkathi irekhoda izilinganiso ezilandelayo.I-sip MAE iphinde ifakwe ezinhlelweni zokusebenza lapho ukunemba kokuphuza ngakunye kubalulekile ngoba ibala iphutha eliphelele lokuphuzwa ngakunye.I-Cumulative MPE iphinda ilinganise ukuthi izilinganiso zibhalansiswa kahle kangakanani kuso sonke isigaba futhi ayilinganisi ibhodlela elilodwa.3 ilinganisele kancane umthamo womthamo womlomo ngamunye oboniswe kuThebula 1 ngezinombolo ezinegethivu.
I-Pearson coefficients yokuhlanganisa i-R-squared yawo wonke amabhodlela iphinde ikhonjiswe kuThebula 1. I-HidrateSpark 3 inikeza i-coefficient yokuhlobana okuphezulu kakhulu. Nakuba i-HidrateSpark 3 inamarekhodi ashodayo, iningi lawo imilomo emincane (Isakhiwo se-Bland-Altman esikuMdwebo 2 siphinde siqinisekise ukuthi i-HidrateSpark 3 inomkhawulo omncane wesivumelwano (LoA) uma kuqhathaniswa namanye amabhodlela amathathu.I-LoA ihlaziya ukuthi amanani angempela nakaliwe avumelana kahle kangakanani.Ngaphezu kwalokho, cishe zonke izilinganiso bezikububanzi be-LoA, okuqinisekisa ukuthi leli bhodlela linikeza imiphumela engaguquki, njengoba kuboniswe ku-2c amanani, noma ngabe iliphi inani elingezansi lisho ukuthi i-zeroare. Okufanayo kuyiqiniso nge-HidrateSpark Steel ku-Figure 2b, lapho amanani amaningi ephutha engalungile.Ngakho-ke, lawa mabhodlela amabili ahlinzeka nge-MPE ephakeme kakhulu kanye ne-MPE eqoqiwe uma kuqhathaniswa ne-H2Opal ne-Thermos Smart Lid, enamaphutha asakazwa ngaphezulu nangaphansi kuka-0, njengoba kuboniswe ku-Fid.
Iziqephu ze-Bland-Altman ze-(a) H2OPal, (b) HidrateSpark Steel, (c) HidrateSpark 3 kanye (d) ne-Thermos Smart Lid.Umugqa onedeshi umelela isikhawu sokuzethemba esizungeze incazelo, esibalwa ukusuka ekuchezukeni okujwayelekile kuThebula loku-1.
I-HidrateSpark Steel kanye ne-H2OPal babe nokuchezuka okufanayo okujwayelekile okungu-20.04 mL no-21.41 mL, ngokulandelana. 35.42 mL, futhi ngaphezu kuka-10% wezilinganiso bezingaphandle kwesifunda se-LoA esiboniswe kuMfanekiso 2d.Leli bhodlela linikeze Iphutha elincane kakhulu le-Sip Mean kanye ne-Cumulative MPE encane kakhulu, naphezu kokuba namarekhodi angekho kakhulu kanye nokuphambuka okujwayelekile okukhulu kakhulu.I-Thermos SmartLid inokurekhodwa okuningi okungabanjwanga ngenxa yokuthi i-sensor straw ye-container iwukubanga i-sensor straw ye-rekhoda engezansi, i-container straw iwukuba irekhodi eliphansi liwukubanga inzwa yomsindo engaphansi. (~80 mL).Lokhu kufanele kuholele ekuthathweni kancane koketshezi; kodwa-ke, i-Thermos iyona kuphela ibhodlela eline-MPE ephozithivu kanye ne-Sip Mean Error, okusho ukuthi ibhodlela lilinganisele ngokweqile uketshezi olumumatha. amarekhodi asuka ekubalweni, Iphutha Le-Sip Mean laba ngu-+10.38 mL, okuqinisekisa ukulinganisa okukhulu kwe-sip eyodwa. Nakuba lokhu kungase kubonakale kukuhle, ibhodlela empeleni alilungile ekulinganisweni kwe-sip ngayinye futhi alithembeki ngoba liphuthelwa imicimbi eminingi yokuphuza.Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengoba kuboniswe ku-Figure 2d, i-Thermos ibonakala ikhulisa usayizi we-SmartLid.
Sekukonke, i-H2OPal yayinembile kakhulu ekulinganiseni ama-sips ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, futhi indlela enokwethenjelwa kakhulu yokulinganisa ukurekhodwa okuningi.I-Thermos Smart Lid yayiyiziphuzo ezinembile nezigejiwe kakhulu kunamanye amabhodlela.Ibhodlela le-HidrateSpark 3 lalinamanani amaphutha angaguquguquki kakhulu, kodwa labukelwa phansi ama-sips amaningi abangele ukusebenza kabi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Kuvele ukuthi ibhodlela lingase libe ne-offset ethile enganxeshezelwa ngokusebenzisa i-algorithm yokulinganisa.Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi ebhodleleni le-HidrateSpark, elinokuphambuka okuncane okujwayelekile kwephutha futhi njalo libukeza kancane ukuphuzwa okukodwa.Indlela yesikwele esincane (LS) yasetshenziswa nedatha yesigaba 1 kuyilapho ingabandakanyi noma imaphi amarekhodi angekho ukuze kutholwe ukulinganiswa nokuzuza okusetshenziselwe ukubala amanani esiteji sesibili. inani langempela kanye nokunquma iphutha elilinganisiwe.Ithebula 2 libonisa ukuthi ukulinganisa kuthuthukise iphutha lencazelo ye-Sip kumabhodlela amabili e-HidrateSpark, kodwa hhayi i-H2OPal noma i-Thermos Smart Lid.
Phakathi neSigaba 1 lapho zonke izilinganiso zenziwa khona, ibhodlela ngalinye liphinde ligcwaliswe izikhathi eziningi, ngakho-ke i-MAE ebaliwe ingase ithinteke ngezinga lokugcwalisa ibhodlela. Ukuze unqume lokhu, ibhodlela ngalinye lihlukaniswe ngamaleveli amathathu, aphezulu, aphakathi nendawo, naphansi, ngokusekelwe kumthamo ophelele webhodlela ngalinye. Ezilinganisweni zeSigaba 1, ukuhlolwa kwe-ANOVA yendlela eyodwa kwenziwa ukuze kunqunywe ukuthi amazinga ayehluke kakhulu ku-absolute ye-3 nephutha le-Steel izigaba azihlukile kakhulu.Kube nomehluko obalulekile womngcele (p Ukuhlolwa kwe-t-tailed emibili kwenziwa ukuze kuqhathaniswe amaphutha esiteji 1 kanye nesiteji se-2 ebhodleleni ngalinye.Sizuze i-p> 0.05 kuwo wonke amabhodlela, okusho ukuthi amaqembu amabili ayengahlukani kakhulu.Nokho, kwaphawulwa ukuthi amabhodlela amabili e-HidrateSpark alahlekelwe inani eliphakeme kakhulu lokuqoshwa kwesigaba 2.Ku-H2OPal, inani lama-Smart aphuthelwe alingana (2) ngenkathi i-Smart ilahlekile lapho i-Thermo3 yayiseduze. ukurekhodwa okugejiwe okumbalwa (6 vs. 10).Njengoba amabhodlela e-HidrateSpark wonke athuthukisiwe ngemva kokulinganisa, ukuhlolwa kwe-t nakho kwenziwa ngemva kokulinganisa.Ku-HidrateSpark 3, kunomehluko omkhulu wamaphutha phakathi kweSigaba 1 neSigaba 2 (p = 0.046).Lokhu kungenzeka kakhulu ngenxa yerekhodi elisezingeni eliphezulu elingekho esigabeni 12.
Lesi sigaba sinikeza imininingwane mayelana nokusetshenziswa kwebhodlela kanye nokusetshenziswa kwalo, kanye nolunye ulwazi olusebenzayo.Nakuba ukunemba kwebhodlela kubalulekile, isici sokusebenziseka sibalulekile lapho ukhetha ibhodlela.
I-HidrateSpark 3 kanye ne-HidrateSpark Steel zifakwe izibani ze-LED ezikhumbuza abasebenzisi ukuthi baphuze amanzi uma bengafinyeleli imigomo yabo njengoba behlelile, noma bakhanyise izikhathi ezithile ngosuku (ezibekwe umsebenzisi).Futhi zingasethwa ukuthi zikhanyise njalo uma umsebenzisi ephuza.I-H2OPal ne-Thermos Smart Lid abanayo impendulo ebonakalayo yokukhumbuza abasebenzisi ukuthi baphuze amanzi aphathwayo noma kunjalo. uhlelo lokusebenza.Inombolo yezaziso ngosuku ingenziwa ngendlela oyifisayo kuhlelo lokusebenza lwe-HidrateSpark kanye ne-H2OPal.
I-HidrateSpark 3 ne-Steel zisebenzisa amathrendi aqondile ukuze ziqondise abasebenzisi ukuthi baphuze nini amanzi futhi zinikeze umgomo ophakanyisiwe wehora abasebenzisi okufanele bawufinyelele ekupheleni kosuku.I-H2OPal ne-Thermos Smart Lid zihlinzeka kuphela ngomgomo ophelele wansuku zonke.Kuwo wonke amabhodlela, uma idivayisi ingaxhumekile kuhlelo lokusebenza nge-bluetooth, idatha izogcinwa endaweni futhi ivumelaniswe ngemva kokumataniswa.
Alikho kwamane ibhodlela eligxile ekufakweni kwamanzi kubantu abadala.Ukwengeza, amafomula amabhodlela awasebenzisayo ukuze anqume imigomo yokudla kwansuku zonke awatholakali, okwenza kube nzima ukunquma ukuthi afaneleka yini kubantu abadala.Iningi lala mabhodlela makhulu futhi asindayo futhi awenzelwe abantu abadala.Ukusetshenziswa kwezinhlelo zokusebenza zeselula kungase kungabi kuhle kubantu abadala, nakuba kungase kube usizo kubacwaningi bekude ukuqoqa idatha.
Wonke amabhodlela awakwazi ukunquma ukuthi uketshezi ludliwe yini, lulahliwe noma luchithiwe.Wonke amabhodlela adinga ukubekwa endaweni engaphezulu ngemva kokudonsa ngakunye ukuze urekhode ngokunembile ukuthi akuphuzile yini.Lokhu kusho ukuthi iziphuzo zingagejwa uma ibhodlela lingabekwanga phansi, ikakhulukazi uma ligcwaliswa kabusha.
Omunye umkhawulo ukuthi idivayisi idinga ukubhangqwa kabusha ngezikhathi ezithile nohlelo lokusebenza ukuze ivumelanise idatha.I-Thermos ibidinga ukubhangqwa kabusha njalo uma uhlelo lokusebenza luvulwa, futhi ibhodlela le-HidrateSpark livamise ukubhekana nobunzima bokuthola uxhumano lwe-Bluetooth.I-H2OPal kulula kakhulu ukubhanqa ngayo nohlelo lokusebenza uma uxhumano lulahleka.Wonke amabhodlela akalwa ngaphambi kokuthi ukuhlolwa kuqale futhi kufanele kubekwe kabusha ibhodlela kanye okungenani kanye. I-H2OPal kufanele ichithwe futhi igcwaliswe ngokuphelele ukuze kulinganiswe.
Wonke amabhodlela awanayo inketho yokukhipha noma ukulondoloza idatha isikhathi eside.Futhi, awekho kuwo angafinyelelwa nge-API.
I-HidrateSpark 3 ne-H2OPal zisebenzisa amabhethri e-lithium-ion ashintshwayo, i-HidrateSpark Steel kanye ne-Thermos SmartLid zisebenzisa amabhethri ashajwayo.Njengoba kwasho umenzi, ibhethri elishajekayo kufanele lihlale kuze kube amasonto angu-2 uma selishajwe ngokugcwele, nokho, kufanele lishajwe kabusha cishe masonto onke uma usebenzisa i-Thermos SmartLid ukuze abantu abaningi bakhumbule ibhodlela le-Thermos. njalo.
Kunezici ezihlukahlukene ezingaba nomthelela ekukhethweni kwebhodlela elihlakaniphile, ikakhulukazi uma umsebenzisi engumuntu osekhulile.Isisindo nevolumu yebhodlela iyisici esibalulekile njengoba kudingeka kube lula ukusetshenziswa ngabantu abadala ababuthaka.Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, lawa mabhodlela awalungiselwe abantu abadala.Intengo nenani loketshezi ibhodlela ngalinye kungenye into.Ithebula lesi-3 libonisa ukuphakama kanye nevolumu ye-Smart eshibhile kakhulu, i-liquid liquid ibhodlela ngalinye liyinani eliphansi kakhulu. ilula kakhulu njengoba yenziwe ngepulasitiki elula kakhulu.Ibuye ibambe uketshezi oluningi uma kuqhathaniswa namanye amabhodlela amathathu.Ngokuphambene, i-H2OPal yayiyinde kunawo wonke, inzima futhi ibiza kakhulu amabhodlela ocwaningo.
Amabhodlela ahlakaniphile atholakala ngokwezentengiso awusizo kubacwaningi ngoba asikho isidingo sokwenza imodeli yemishini emisha. Nakuba kunamabhodlela amanzi amaningi ahlakaniphile atholakalayo, inkinga evame kakhulu ukuthi abasebenzisi abakwazi ukufinyelela kudatha noma amasiginali aluhlaza, futhi imiphumela ethile kuphela eboniswa kuhlelo lokusebenza lweselula. Kunesidingo sokwenza ibhodlela elihlakaniphile elisetshenziswa kabanzi ngokunemba okuphezulu kanye nedatha efinyeleleka ngokugcwele yokuhlolwa kwebhodlela elilodwa labadala abane. I-H2OPal ngaphandle kwebhokisi ibe ne-Sip MPE ephansi kakhulu, i-MPE eqoqiwe, kanye nenani lokuqoshwa okugejiwe.I-HidrateSpark 3 inomugqa ophezulu kakhulu, ukuchezuka okujwayelekile okuncanyana nokuphansi kakhulu kwe-MAE.I-HidrateSpark Steel kanye ne-HidrateSpark 3 zingamane zilinganiswe ngesandla ukuze kuncishiswe iphutha le-Sip kusetshenziswa indlela ye-sip ye-sip enembe kakhudlwana, i-HidrateSpark eyi-3 enembe kakhudlwana. izilinganiso ezingaguquguquki ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, i-H2OPal iyinketho yokuqala.I-Thermos SmartLid ibe nokusebenza okuthembekile okuncane kakhulu, ibe nokuphuze kakhulu, nokuphuzela ngokweqile komuntu ngamunye.
Ucwaningo alunayo imikhawulo.Ezimeni zomhlaba wangempela, abasebenzisi abaningi bazophuza kwezinye iziqukathi, ikakhulukazi uketshezi olushisayo, iziphuzo ezithengwa esitolo, notshwala.Umsebenzi wesikhathi esizayo kufanele uhlole ukuthi ifomu lebhodlela ngalinye liwathinta kanjani amaphutha ukuze kuqondiswe ukwakheka kwamabhodlela amanzi ahlakaniphile.
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Lo msebenzi usekelwe yi-Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) Foundation Grant (FDN-148450) .UDkt. UFernie uthole uxhaso njengoSihlalo weCreaghan Wokuvinjelwa Komndeni kanye Nobuchwepheshe Bezokwelapha.
Kite Institute, Toronto Rehabilitation Institute – University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
Conceptualization - RC; Indlela yokwenza - RC, AR; Ukubhala - Ukulungiselela Umbhalo Wesandla - RC, AR; Ukubhala - Buyekeza futhi Uhlele, GF, AR; Ukuqondisa - AR, GF Bonke ababhali bafundile futhi bavumelana nenguqulo eshicilelwe yesandla.
I-Springer Nature ihlala ingathathi hlangothi ngokuphathelene nezimangalo ezingokomthetho zamamephu ashicilelwe kanye nezinhlangano ezisebenzisana nazo.
Vula Ukufinyelela Lesi sihloko sinikezwe ilayisense ngaphansi kwe-Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, evumela ukusetshenziswa, ukwabelana, ukuzivumelanisa nezimo, ukusatshalaliswa, kanye nokukhiqizwa kabusha nganoma iyiphi indlela noma isakhiwo, inqobo nje uma unikeza ikhredithi efanelekile kumbhali nomthombo wangempela, uhlinzeka ngelayisense ye-Creative Commons , futhi ubonisa ukuthi ingabe izinguquko zenziwe yini. akufakiwe kulayisensi ye-Creative Commons ye-athikili futhi ukusetshenziswa kwakho okuhlosiwe akuvunyelwe ngokomthetho noma ngokomthetho noma kweqa lokho okuvunyelwe, uzodinga ukuthola imvume ngokuqondile kumnikazi we-copyright.Ukuze ubuke ikhophi yaleli layisensi, vakashela ku-http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
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Ngokuthumela amazwana, uyavuma ukuthobela Imigomo yethu Nezinkombandlela Zomphakathi.Uma ubona okuqukethwe okuhlukumezayo noma okuqukethwe okungahambisani nemigomo noma imihlahlandlela yethu, sicela ukukuhlabe njengokungalungile.